The cleaning methods for surface rust of precision castings are generally divided into dry and wet methods. The dry method is generally shot blasting for rust removal, while the wet method is mainly hydraulic rust removal. Below, the editor will share in detail two methods for cleaning the surface rust of precision castings:

1 dry process

According to standards, dry cleaning includes friction cleaning and shot blasting cleaning. However, due to the low efficiency and poor effectiveness of friction cleaning, the use of precision cast parts is becoming increasingly rare at this stage. Dry cleaning usually refers to shot peening. Shot peening cleaning usually refers to the process of peening a shot onto the surface of a casting at a speed of about 50m/s, using compressed gas as the power to remove sand or iron oxide from the surface of the casting. Shot peening is convenient and a reasonable supplement to shot peening cleaning. Shot blasting cleaning is the use of specialized aircraft equipment such as drum, hook, chain, and trolley types for shot blasting and surface cleaning. The differences in sandblasting are caused by differences in specialized equipment and initial kinetic energy orientation of shot blasted steel balls.

At present, when cleaning the surface of precision castings in Chinese Mainland, it is mainly to clean the shot blasting surface. With the development of shot blasting technology, in addition to cleaning the surface of precision castings, it is also widely used for surface strengthening of metal parts, rust removal of steel surfaces, and shot blasting treatment.

2、 Wet process

1. Electrohydraulic sand cleaning: The key technology is the effectiveness of electro-hydraulic hammering. The ultra-high voltage pulse generator utilizes special electrodes placed in water for relative phase discharge, generating significant hydraulic impact force. Due to the difference in elastic modulus and vibration frequency between the surface adhesive of precision castings and the castings themselves, the sand cleaning effect can be achieved. Reasonable cleaning can be carried out on castings with complex shapes such as deep holes, blind holes, and inner walls.

2. Hydraulic sand cleaning: usually refers to the method of using a high-pressure water pump input and ultra-high pressure spraying caused by a spray gun to clean the surface and core of precision casting sand. Usually used for surface cleaning and core cleaning of large cast iron parts.

3. Water cleaning: Lift sand products with specific heat into the reservoir, and the water entering the hot sand mold and core evaporates in the heat. As water and steam evaporate, the sand mold and sand core are heated again.

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